More than 100 years after the best addiction treatment center in Islamabad, cocaine came into use, and a new form of substance emerged. The substance is known as crack, which became very popular during the mid 1980s because of the immediate high Effective Treatment Programs for Troubled Teens that were produced and because it was cheap to make. Common street names for crack include; freebase, rooster, 151, apple jacks, Baby T, bad, basa, and many more.
Crack is simply cocaine addiction symptoms that have not been neutralized with an acid and come in a rock crystal and can be smoked. The term “crack” comes from the crackling noise the drug makes when being smoked. According to government statistics, approximately 8.7 million American ages 12 years or older have tried crack at least once in their life.
The physical effects of crack occur in the
central nervous system, which include constriction of blood vessels and an
increase in temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. Users can experience
feelings of irritability, aggression, anxiety, and restlessness. Crack users
can also experience acute respiratory issues, shortness of breath, coughing,
lung trauma, and bleeding. Smoking crack can make someone exhibit severe
aggression and paranoia.
Today, crack addiction and abuse still plagues
the United States. Because of recent scientific studies centering on crack
misuse, researchers have discovered how it affects the inner workings of the
brain and the damage it does to long-term health. It is thought that certain
genetic conditions and hereditary factors will predispose someone to crack
addiction.
After a crack addiction takes hold, a person
cannot resist the appeal and cravings that result. With repeated crack
exposure, the human brain starts to adapt, and the reward pathways become less
sensitized to natural reinforcement and to the drug itself. With higher doses
and repeated use, more crack is needed to experience the same pleasure and
euphoria that a user felt during initial use.
Crack users usually take the drug in “binges,”
which means the drug is used repeatedly and at an increasingly higher dosage.
With higher doses, there is an increased risk of toxicity and overdose, which
results in death. Different routes of administration also affect how the drug
is absorbed and tolerated. By repeatedly snorting crack, a user can lose sense
of smell, experience chronic nose bleeds, have problems swallowing, become
hoarse, and experience constant nasal irritation.
As of 2006, crack addiction accounted for
nearly 15% of all admissions to drug treatment programs. The majority of people
who seek treatment for an addiction to crack cocaine are likely to be
poly-users which means they use other substances as well as crack. Treatment
for an addiction break should be comprehensive, and the plan must address the
neurological, social, and medical aspects of a user’s abuse. Patients who
undergo treatment for crack addiction can also have a condition called dual
diagnosis, which means a need for additional therapy is required.
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